steel tape metallic tape invar tape chain
Answer Discuss in Comment
plotting becomes easy survey work can be completed quickly accumulation of errors is prevented all of the above
aligning the chain in a straight line between two extremities taking offsets from a chain line fixing ranging rods on the extremities of the area chaining over a range of mountains
nickel and steel copper and steel brass and nickel brass and steel
1 cm : 50 m RF = 300000 1 cm 50 km 1 : 42000
accidental errors only cumulative errors only both accidental and cumulative errors none of the above
residual error conditional error weighted observation true error
4 10 16 64
invar linen cloth and wires steel
20° 30° 45° 60°
"Scientists dream about doing great things. Engineers do them."
