Lower bound solution Upper bound solution Elastic solution Unique solution
Answer Discuss in Comment
Bearing Both shear force and bending moment Shear force only Bending moment only
Creep Relaxation Shrinkage Ductility
half the longitudinal reinforcement 0. 15% of the web area 0.2% to 0.3% of the web area depending upon the breadth of the web 0.1% of the web area
Facilitate construction. Increase the load carrying capacity of the columns Facilitate compaction of concrete. Avoid buckling of longitudinal bars.
Rectangular Parabolic rectangular-parabolic None of the above
More Less Equal None of the above
Is to increase permeability Is to decrease permeability Does not change permeability None of the above
Increases Decreases Does not change None of the above
"Scientists dream about doing great things. Engineers do them."
